hLjgsf] cy{
fh ;+;f/ el/
dflg;x?nfO{ lgofNb w]/} hgf;“u cfgf] hLjg af/] w]/} vfn] k|Zgx? u/]sf]
kfp“b5f}“ . d]/f] hLjgsf] cy{ s] xf] <
of] ;+;f/df d lsg 5' < d}n] d]/f] hLjgdf ;kmntf slxn] xfl;n ug{ ;lsG5
< slxn] rf“lx d]/f] hLjgdf ;'Mvsf lbgx? cfpFnf < oL vfnsf k|Zg ug{
dflg;x? slxNo} /f]ls“b}g . clg slt hgf dflg;n] pgLx?n] k|fKt ug{ rfx]sf] s'/f
k|fKt kZrft klg dgdf vfnL ePsf] dx;'; ub{5g\ . jiff{} el/ cfˆgf]
dg ;Gt'i6 kfg{ sfd u5{g slt s'/f k|fKt klg u5{g\ t/ cGtdf vfnL dx;'; ul/Psf]
x'G5 . of] dfq xf]Og dflg;x?n] hLjgsf] cy{ s'g} yf]sdf kf] 5ls eg]/ Tof] s'/fdf
nflu k/]sf] klg xfdL kfp“b5f}“ . h:t}M— k};f, of}g, Jofkf/, wg, /fd|f] ;DaGw,
df]hdHhf, wd{ sd{, u/]/ cfgf] hLjgsf] cy{sf] lgrf]8 lgsfNg vf]Hb5g\ t/ z'Gotf
afx]s p;n] s]lx kfp“b}g . hLjgdf s]lx x'G5sL eg]/ jiff}“ oL s'/fx? ub{5g\ t/
czflGtn] slxNo} 5f]8\b}g . lbgx'F gof“ s'/fsf] ;f]rn] lbdfu tgftfg u/]/ Rofltg
nfu]sf] x'G5 t/ Tof] s'/f slt ;Dd k|fKt u/]tf klg dgdf ;Gt'i6 eg] cfp“b}g /
cfk'mdf ;kmntfsf] efg slxNo} x'Fb}g / k'luPsf] dx;'; slxNo} klg x'Fb}g .
d
of] klg yfxf ub{5'ls dflg; cfgf] hLjgsf] cy{ o;/L klg JofVof ul/Psf] xfdL
kfp“5f} . d]/f] hLjg Pp6f bf}8 xf] To;}n] ha ;Dd of] k'/f xF'b}g ta bf}l8/xg'
k5{ . t/ slxn] k'/f x'G5 Tof] bf}8 < s]] d[To" kZrft < sltn] eGg] u5{g\
d]/f] hLjg t k};f ?k}of“ xf] To;}n] d}n] k};f sdfpg' k5{ clg hLjgdf ;f]r]sf] s'/f
k'/f x'G5 . o:tf vfn] w]/} k|Zgx?n]
dflg;sf] lbdfu el/O/x]sf] x'G5 . lsg dflg;x?df oL ;+;f/Ls yf]sx?n] k'0f{
;Gt'li6 kfp“b}g <
afOansf]
Ps k':ts pkb]zssf] n]vsn] eGb5 hf] Tolt a]nf O;|fPnsf] /fhf klg lyP . p;sf] klg
cfgf] cg'ejnfO{ o;/L k|:t't ub{5 ls æJofy{, Jofy{, Jofy{,;a} s'/f Jofy{æ
pkb]zs !M@ pgL Tof] ;do O;|fPn b]zsf] /fhf lyP . pgnfO{ ;+;f/s} wlg, 1fgL /
a'l4dfgLsf] bhf{ afOann] lbOPsf] 5 . p;sf] olt w]/} ;Dklt, dxn, gf]s/ rfs/,
;'Gb/ au}Frfx?, /fd|f] >LdtLx? ;a yf]sx? lyP . afOadf of] klg elgPsf] 5 ls
p;sf] Xbon] rfx]sf] h'g} klg rLh p;;Fu lyof] t/ pgn] cfgf] hLjgnfO{ o;/L
JofVof u5{ ls xfdL ;'o{ d'lg of] ;+;f/df /x'Gh]n hLjg ;a} Joy{ g} 5 . lsg o:tf]
s'/f x'“b5 of] ;+;f/Ls hLjgdf < lsgeg] afOann] eGb5 ls xfdLnfO{ k/d]Zj/n] oL
;a} yf]s eGbf klg a9\tf ul/agfpg' ePsf] 5 . of] s'/fx?n] tkfO{nfO{ hLjg lbg
;lsb}g o;n] t tkfO{+sf] ef}lts hLjgnfO{ lzlyn dfq agfp“b5 . ;+;f/sf ef}lts
yf]sx? t k/d]Zj/n] tkfO{+ clg dnfO{ pkef]u ug{nfO{ lbg' ePsf] xf] o;n] xfdLnfO{ hLjg lbg ;lsb}g
s]lx xb;Dd af“RgnfO{ 6]jf k'¥ofpnf t/ of] g} rflx“ hLjg xf]Og tkfO{sf] hLjg t
of] eGbf klg dxfg\ 5 . k/d]Zj/n] xfdLnfO{ o; x]t'n] agfpg' ePsf] 5 ls tL ef}lts
yf]s dfly clwsf/ u?g\ To;tf yf]sx?sf] bf; x'gnfO{ xf]Og .
pTklt
!M@^—@* cg';f/ dflg; hftLnfO{ k/d]Zj/n] pxf“sf] :j?kdf ;[hgf ug{' eof] o;sf]
dtna of] xf] ls xfdLnfO{ k/d]Zj/ h:t} agfpg' eof] / c? yf]s eGbf km/s k|sf/n]
agfpg' eof] . sf/0f of] lyof] ls xfdL] k/d]Zj/;“u ;+ult u/f}F / pxf“n] agfpg'ePsf]
yf]s dfly clwsf/ u/f}F t/ Tof] s'/f dflg;sf] kfksf] sf/0fn] 6'l6of] / ;a}
clwsf/af6 al~rt eof] hf] xfd|f] clwsf/ leq lyof] tL s'/f g} ca xfdLaf6 6f9f
/flvlbg'eof] / cfh xfdL tL s'/fsf] nflu g} ef}tfl/ /x]sf 5f}“ .
o;}n]
dflg;x?n] cfh b'Mv, cefj, czflGt, c;Gt'i6, Psnf]kgf, nf]e,h:tf s'/fx?sf] ;fdfgf
ug{' kl//x]sf] 5 . cfh dflg;x?sf] ;demnfO{ olx s'/fx?n] bafPsf] 5 / k/d]Zj/sf]
;[li6sf] pb]ZonfO{ lal;{Psf] 5 lsgeg] dflg;n] of] s'/f afx]s c? s'/fnfO{ b]Vg
;Sb}g cyjf ljrf/ ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . hf] pb]Zo k/d]Zj/n] ;[li6 cufl8 /flvlbg'ePsf]
lyof] Tof] cgGt hLjg tkfO{+ clg ddf
xf];\ . xfd|f] of] hLjg ;+;f/df l;ldt 5}g cyjf s'g} yf]sdf l;ldt 5}g of] t
cgGtsf] nflu xf] . tkfO{+sf] hLjgsf] cGTo of] ;+;f/df xf]Og t/ of] t ;b}a /xG5
. xfd|f] kfly{j zl//sf] cfo' 5f]6f] 5 t/ hf] cflTds 5 To;sf] cfo' x'b}g lsgeg] xfdL
zl//df z]if x'G5f}“ t/ cfTdf slxNo} z]if x'b}g .
ca
of] cfTdfn] cgGttf k|fKt ug{sf] nflu s]an Pp6f pkfo dfq 5 Tof] xf] v|Li6
o]z" . o'xGgf #M!^ d o;/L n]lvPsf] 5 ælsgeg] k/d]Zj/n]
;+;f/nfO{ o:tf] k|]d ug{'eof], ls pxfFn] cfkgf Psdfq k'q{ lbg'eof], tfls pxfFdfyL
ljZjf; ug{] sf]xL klg gfz gxf];\, t/ To;n] cgGt hLjg kfcf];\ .Æ Tof]
k'q v|Li6 o]z" x'g'x'G5 / cgGttf v|Li6df 5 / Tof] cgGtsf] 5 To;df ;Gt'li6
5 To;df hLjg 5 / To;sf] cy{ 5 . xfdL cfkm}df
xfd|f] hLjg cy{lxg 5 t/ Tolx cy{lxg hLjgnfO{ cy{k'0f{ agfpg pxf“ o;
;+;f/df cfpg'eof] / eGg'eof] æaf6f] ;To / hLjg d g} x'F .Æ
of] s'/f xfdL o'xGgf !$M^ df kfp“b5f}“ . cfh ;f“rf] hLjgsf] cy{ s]an v|Li6
o]z"df dfq 5 . xfd|f] hLjg cgGt ;“u hf]l8Psf] 5 of] l;ldt 5}g oL ;+;f/df
hlt klg yf]sx? xfdL pkef]u u5f}“ oL ;a} t xfd|f xf]Ogg\ t s;/L xfdL ;Gt'i6 /xg ;lsG5
t < afOan eG5 of] t s]an If]l0fs dfq x'g\ t/ xfdL eg] o;} s'/fsf] nflu dl/xQ]
u5f{}“ . Tof] hlt k|fKt u/] klg Tof] tkfO{+;“u /xg ;Sb}g lsgeg] Tof] tkfO{+sf]
xf]Og Tof] s'/f xfdL xfd|f] d[To" kZrft 5f]8]/ hfg' kg{] x'G5 .
To;}n]
cfh tkfO{+ clg d}n] cgGtsf] vf]hL ug{' h?/L 5 Tof] tkfO{+ clg d}n] ;+;f/sf]
s'g} ef}lts yf]sdf vf]h]/ kfpg] s'/f xf]O{g t/ Tof] s]an v|Li6df ;'/lIft 5
lsgls hLjg pxf“ x'g'x'G5 . Pslbg xfdLn] of] kfly{j zl//nfO{ 5f]8\g' kg{] x'G5 /
cgGtsf] ofqf to ug{' kg{] x'G5 Tof]] ofqfsf] uGtJo g} xfd|f] nflu cgGt sf] hLjg
xf] . clxn]sf] hLjg t xfd|f] nflu Pp6f hf“r dfq xf] tkfO{+ s;/L, s] u/]/, s;sf]
lglDt lhpg'x'G5 Tof] s'/fx? k/d]Zj/n] lgofNg] ;do dfq xf] To;}n] of] 5f]6f] 5 .
of] 5f]6f] hLjgnfO{ ;lx ;b'kof]u u/f}“ xfdL xfd|f] nflu dfq} xf]Og t/ c?sf]
nflu klg lhpg] sf]lz; u/f}“ To;sf] kl/0ffd k/d]Zj/n] /flvlbg' x'G5 . tkfO{+ clg
d}n] vf]h]sf] hLjg cfh klg pxf“;“u 5 . afOann] of] eGb5 ls of] s'/f k|fKt s]an
;'g]/ dfq xf]Og pxf“df ljZjf; u/]/, v|Li6n] l;sfpg' ePsf] hLjg lhP/, v|Li6df
k|fy{gf4f/f / lbg—lbgsf] ;+ult 4f/f hLjgdf ;Gt'i6, cfgGb, zflGt k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5
. of] s'/f afOan o'xGgf !$M@& df o;/L n]lvPsf] kfp“b5f}“ æzflGt ltdLx?;Fu 5f]l8/fV5' . d cfˆgf] zflGt
ltdLx?nfO{ lbG5' . ;+;f/n] lbPh:tf] d ltdLx?nfO{ lbFlbg . ltdLx?sf] Xbo Jofs'n
gxf];\ / eoeLt gxf];\ .Æ Tof] zflGt hf] v|Li6 lbg'x'G5
;+;f/sf] eGbf a]Un} vfn] 5 To;n] xfd|f] XbonfO{ Jofs'n / eoeLt x'glbFb}g .
To;}n] cfh tkfO{+;“u h] 5 To;}df v'zL x'g'xf];\ tkfO{+ h] ug{;Sg' x'G5 To;df
nflu/xg'xf];\ tkfO{+;“u hlt 5 To;df v'zL / ;Gt'i6 x'g'xf];\ olx g} clxn]sf]
nflu kof{Kt 5 . o]z"n] klg tkfO{+sf] hLjgdf Tolx ePsf] rfxg'x'G5 . To;}n]
cfh} larf/ u/f}}“ s] tkfO{+ hLjgsf] cy{sf] vf]hLdf x'g'x'G5 < s] tkfO{+
cfgf] hLjg af/] cGof]ntfdf x'g'x'G5 < olb x'g'x'G5 eg] cfh g} v|Li6df
cfpg'xf];\ lsgls pxf“df tkfO{+sf] hLjgsf] cy{ 5 . wGojfb .
tkfO{+sf] ;'emfjsf] nflu
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